The draft genomes of soft-shell turtle and green sea turtle yield insights into the development and evolution of the turtle-specific body plan
Copyright policy )The draft genomes of soft-shell turtle and green sea turtle yield insights into the development and evolution of the turtle-specific body plan
The unique anatomical features of turtles have raised unanswered questions about the origin of their unique body plan. We generated and analyzed draft genomes of the soft-shell turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) and the green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas); our results indicated the close relationship of the turtles to the bird-crocodilian lineage, from which they split ∼267.9-248.3 million years ago (Upper Permian to Triassic). We also found extensive expansion of olfactory receptor genes in these turtles. Embryonic gene expression analysis identified an hourglass-like divergence of turtle and chicken embryogenesis, with maximal conservation around the vertebrate phylotypic period, rather than at later stages that show the amniote-common pattern. Wnt5a expression was found in the growth zone of the dorsal shell, supporting the possible co-option of limb-associated Wnt signaling in the acquisition of this turtle-specific novelty. Our results suggest that turtle evolution was accompanied by an unexpectedly conservative vertebrate phylotypic period, followed by turtle-specific repatterning of development to yield the novel structure of the shell.
- Institute of Science Tokyo Japan
- University of copenhaguen Denmark
- RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology Japan
- University of Copenhagen Denmark
- University of Malaga Spain
turtle shell evolution, 570, Molecular Sequence Data, 590, Embryonic Development, Chick Embryo, Reptilian Proteins, genome evolution, Receptors, Odorant, Article, Evolution, Molecular, Animal Shells, Animals, turtle phylogeny, Phylogeny, Body Patterning, Genome, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Molecular Sequence Annotation, turtle, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Turtles, genome sequencing, Wnt Proteins, MicroRNAs, Tortugas - Filogenia, Transcriptome, Chickens, morphological novelty
turtle shell evolution, 570, Molecular Sequence Data, 590, Embryonic Development, Chick Embryo, Reptilian Proteins, genome evolution, Receptors, Odorant, Article, Evolution, Molecular, Animal Shells, Animals, turtle phylogeny, Phylogeny, Body Patterning, Genome, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Molecular Sequence Annotation, turtle, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Turtles, genome sequencing, Wnt Proteins, MicroRNAs, Tortugas - Filogenia, Transcriptome, Chickens, morphological novelty
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