Learned predictiveness influences rapid attentional capture: Evidence from the dot probe task.
Copyright policy )Learned predictiveness influences rapid attentional capture: Evidence from the dot probe task.
Attentional theories of associative learning and categorization propose that learning about the predictiveness of a stimulus influences the amount of attention that is paid to that stimulus. Three experiments tested this idea by looking at the extent to which stimuli that had previously been experienced as predictive or nonpredictive in a categorization task were able to capture attention in a dot probe task. Consistent with certain attentional theories of learning, responses to the dot probe were faster when it appeared in a location cued by a predictive stimulus compared to a location cued by a nonpredictive stimulus. This result was obtained only with short (250-ms or 350-ms) but not long (1,000-ms) delays between onset of the stimuli and the dot probe, suggesting that the observed spatial cuing effect reflects the operation of a relatively rapid, automatic process. These findings are consistent with the approach to the relationship between attention and learning taken by the class of models exemplified by Mackintosh's (1975) theory.
- University College London United Kingdom
- University of Malaga Spain
- UNSW Sydney Australia
- Kings College London, University of London United Kingdom
- King's College London United Kingdom
anzsrc-for: 1702 Cognitive Sciences, Adult, Male, Time Factors, BLOCKING, Concept Formation, 5202 Biological Psychology, 150, associative learning, SELECTIVE ATTENTION, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, MECHANISMS, anzsrc-for: 52 Psychology, Random Allocation, Young Adult, Behavioral and Social Science, HISTORY, 5204 Cognitive and Computational Psychology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Humans, Attention, Association Learning, anzsrc-for: 1701 Psychology, HUMANS, ASSOCIABILITY, PERFORMANCE, categorization, attention, MODEL, Form Perception, STIMULI, anzsrc-for: 5204 Cognitive and Computational Psychology, 52 Psychology, Space Perception, Visual Perception, dot probe task, Female, anzsrc-for: 5202 Biological Psychology, Cues, Color Perception
anzsrc-for: 1702 Cognitive Sciences, Adult, Male, Time Factors, BLOCKING, Concept Formation, 5202 Biological Psychology, 150, associative learning, SELECTIVE ATTENTION, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, MECHANISMS, anzsrc-for: 52 Psychology, Random Allocation, Young Adult, Behavioral and Social Science, HISTORY, 5204 Cognitive and Computational Psychology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Humans, Attention, Association Learning, anzsrc-for: 1701 Psychology, HUMANS, ASSOCIABILITY, PERFORMANCE, categorization, attention, MODEL, Form Perception, STIMULI, anzsrc-for: 5204 Cognitive and Computational Psychology, 52 Psychology, Space Perception, Visual Perception, dot probe task, Female, anzsrc-for: 5202 Biological Psychology, Cues, Color Perception
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