The authors use modern systems theory to retrace the history of some important and interesting philosophical problems. Namely, they introduce a mathematical theory of multilevels and apply this theory to study two problems of modern physics: The hypothesis on the rest mass of the photon and a new look at Dirac's \(\delta\) function. Their idea of a multilevel structure of nature and the definition of a non-archimedean number field (called general number system) are two theoretical goals of the paper.