Abstract This review, the second in the series on breeding goats for meat production, examines the role of crossbreeding and composite population in improving economically important traits necessary for commercial production of meat goats. In general, the crossbreeding of indigenous goats or established breeds with one or more breeds (Alpine, Beetal, Boer, Jamunapari, Nubian and Saanen) that have demonstrated genetic merit in the performance traits of economical importance rely on specific cross and back cross to achieve increased productivity. Concurrently, the combining of desirable morphological characteristics and production performance of two or more breeds in composite populations has had considerable success in other livestock and poultry species, invigorating interest in the breeding of meat goats for commercial production. There have been a number of studies, world-wide, on evaluation of indigenous goats or established breeds and their crosses, including crossbreds derived from exotic breeds that are summarized. Furthermore, the Boer breed developed in South Africa has considerable potential for rapid and permanent improvement of meat production from goats, and studies on the Boer-sired crossbred offspring are highlighted.