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Fibrose pulmonar idiopática: apresentação clínica, evolução e fatores de prognóstico basais numa coorte portuguesa

Authors: Soares Pires, F.; Caetano Mota, P.; Melo, N.; Costa, Diogo; Jesus, J.M.; Cunha, R.; Guimarães, S.; +2 Authors

Fibrose pulmonar idiopática: apresentação clínica, evolução e fatores de prognóstico basais numa coorte portuguesa

Abstract

ResumoIntroduçãoA Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática (FPI) é a patologia mais comum no subgrupo das pneumonias intersticiais idiopáticas. Apesar de uma grande variabilidade no tipo de evolução clínica, está inexoravelmente associada a um mau prognóstico.Material e métodosForam identificados doentes com FPI, observados na consulta de doenças pulmonares difusas do Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, e revistos os seus parâmetros clínicos, funcionais, radiológicos e do lavado broncoalveolar (LBA). A evolução clínica e sobrevivência foram avaliadas, tendo sido igualmente identificados fatores prognósticos.ResultadosForam incluídos 81 doentes com uma média de idade de 63,8 anos. Na altura do diagnóstico, as principais alterações funcionais identificadas foram a restrição, redução da difusão pulmonar e da capacidade de exercício. A maioria dos doentes (72.3%) apresentou uma evolução clínica lentamente progressiva. Em 10 doentes (13.2%), foi observada uma evolução rapidamente progressiva e 11 (14.,5%) apresentaram exacerbação aguda. Verificou-se uma associação entre a evolução rapidamente progressiva e uma maior gravidade funcional ao diagnóstico, nomeadamente na Capacidade Vital Forçada (CVF) e Capacidade Pulmonar Total (CPT). A sobrevida mediana foi de 36 meses. Verificou-se uma diferença estatisticamente significativa na sobrevida entre os diferentes grupos de evolução clínica: 41 meses para os doentes com evolução lentamente progressiva e 9 meses para os doentes com evolução rapidamente progressiva. Valores inferiores de CVF, CPT, distância na Prova da Marcha de 6 Minutos (PM6 M) e PaO2 em repouso, bem como o maior grau de neutrofilia no LBA estiveram associados a uma sobrevivência inferior em análise univariada.ConclusãoA análise deste grupo de doentes com FPI confirma a existência de 2 fenótipos claramente distintos, o de evolução lenta e o de evolução rapidamente progressiva. Estes fenótipos têm uma diferente apresentação clínica e uma história natural da doença claramente distinta, sugerindo a presença de diferentes mecanismos fisiopatológicos, os quais poderão implicar diferentes abordagens terapêuticas.AbstractIntroductionIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common disease in the subgroup of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. It is inevitably associated to a bad prognosis, although assuming a highly variable clinical course.MethodsPatients with IPF, observed at Interstitial Lung Diseases outpatient clinic of Centro Hospitalar de São João – Porto, Portugal, were identified and clinical, functional, radiological and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) parameters were reviewed. Their clinical course and survival were analyzed in order to identify prognostic factors.ResultsEighty-one patients were included, with a mean age at diagnosis of 63.8 years old. At diagnosis, the main functional abnormalities were restrictive physiology, reduced lung diffusion and exercise capacity impairment. Clinical course was mainly slowly progressive (72.3%). Ten patients (13.2%) had a rapid progression and 11 (14.5%) patients had an acute exacerbation during the course of the disease. IPF's rapid progression was associated to a higher functional impairment at diagnosis, namely in what is related with Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Total Lung Capacity (TLC). Median survival was 36 months. A significant difference in survival was observed among different types of clinical course – 41 months for slow progressors and 9 months for rapid progressors. Lower levels of FVC, TLC, 6th minute walk test distance and rest PaO2, and higher BAL neutrophil count were associated with poorer survival in univariate analysis.ConclusionThe analysis of this group of IPF patients confirms two clearly different phenotypes, slow and rapid progressors. Those phenotypes seem to have different presentations and a remarkably different natural history. These results could mean different physiopathologic pathways, which could implicate different therapeutic approaches.

Keywords

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779, Survival, Prognóstico, Prognosis, Fibrose pulmonar idiopática, Sobrevivência, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
14
Average
Average
Top 10%
gold