AbstractThe contribution of the transport systems, including road, air and sea, are making to climate change through the emission of greenhouse (GHG) gases, and new technologies and programmes of action to mitigate their impact on climate is reviewed. The actitivites of the transport systems in most countries are sensitive to a range of weather extremes, including those related to precipitation, thunderstorms, temperature, winds, visibility and sea level. The impact of climate, climate variability and climate change, in particular the impact of these extremes on transport systems and adaptation measures are discussed. This paper also discusses the foundation of climate services to assist informed decision-making for climate change adaptation, planning and designing, which require close collaboration among a wide range of disciplines and the engagement of the users such as the transport systems’ communities.