The chemical structure of isolated chitinozoan specimens extracted from Early Silurian marine rocks has been investigated by micro-FTIR, laser micro-Raman spectroscopy and laser micropyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (LmPy- GC/MS). The samples were subjected to relatively low thermal stress as attested by several indices. LmPy-GC/MS and micro-FTIR indicate that chitinozoans consist mostly of a kerogen network dominated by aromatic groups with a low contribution of aliphatics and oxygen- or nitrogen-bearing compounds. No chitin-related product was found in the pyrolysate of the chitinozoans, confirming previous findings on the occurrence of this biopolymer in the fossil record.