In this talk various aspects of in-medium behavior of hadrons are discussed with an emphasis on observable effects. Examples for theoretical predictions of in-medium spectral functions are given and the importance of resonance-hole excitations is stressed. It is also stressed that final state interactions can have a major effect on observables and thus have to be considered as part of the theory. This is demonstrated with examples from neutrino-nucleus interactions. Finally, the possibility to access hadron formation times in high-energy photonuclear (or neutrino-induced) reactions is illustrated.

Invited talk given by U. Mosel at Vth Conference on Hadronic Physics, ICTP, Trieste, May 2006