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Nuclear Engineering and Technology
Article . 2022 . Peer-reviewed
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Nuclear Engineering and Technology
Article
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Effect of process parameters on the recovery of thorium tetrafluoride prepared by hydrofluorination of thorium oxide, and their optimization

Authors: Raj Kumar; Sonal Gupta; Sourabh Wajhal; S.K. Satpati; M.L. Sahu;

Effect of process parameters on the recovery of thorium tetrafluoride prepared by hydrofluorination of thorium oxide, and their optimization

Abstract

Liquid fueled molten salt reactors (MSRs) have seen renewed interest because of their inherent safety features, higher thermal efficiency and potential for efficient thorium utilisation for power generation. Thorium fluoride is one of the salts used in liquid fueled MSRs employing Th–U cycle. In the present study, ThF4 was prepared by hydro-fluorination of ThO2 using anhydrous HF gas. Process parameters viz. bed depth, hydrofluorination time and hydrofluorination temperature, were optimized for the preparation of ThF4 in a static bed reactor setup. The products were characterized with X-Ray diffraction and experimental conditions for complete conversion to ThF4 were established which also corroborated with the yield values. Hydrofluorination of ThO2 at 450 °C for half an hour at a bed depth of 6 mm gave the best result, with a yield of about 99.36% ThF4. No unconverted oxide or any other impurity was observed. Rietveld refinement was performed on the XRD data of this ThF4, and Chi2 value of 3.54 indicated good agreement between observed and calculated profiles.

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Keywords

Hydrofluorination, Bed depth, Molten salt reactors, TK9001-9401, Rietveld refinement, Nuclear engineering. Atomic power, Static bed reactor, X-ray diffraction

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
5
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
gold