Modified pencil graphite electrode as a low-cost glucose sensor
Copyright policy )Modified pencil graphite electrode as a low-cost glucose sensor
A manganese oxides mediator was electrodeposited onto a low-cost pencil graphite electrode (PE) from an easily available and affordable potassium permanganate precursor. The modified manganese oxides coated PE (MnOxides/PE) was previously utilized as a hydrogen peroxide sensor according to its electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen peroxide oxidation in an ammonium buffer (pH 9.0) medium. The amperometric detection of hydrogen peroxide is possible at +0.50 V vs Ag/AgCl instead of +0.80 V vs Ag/AgCl using an unmodified PE. Further modification of the MnOxides/PE with glucose oxidase immobilization converted the modified PE into a glucose sensor by hydrogen peroxide detection in a phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at the same operating potential. The linear concentration range of glucose detection by the batch technique was 0.056–1.41 mM, with a sensitivity of 2.19 μA mM−1. A detection limit of 18.3 μM and a percentage RSD of 5.0% were obtained from five different sensors. Through the flow injection analysis technique, a low-cost open-flow cell containing a volume of 1.4 mL was manufactured from a plastic vial and a micropipette tip. Using the injection volume of 200 μL and flow rate of 1 mL min−1, the linear concentration range of glucose detection was determined to be 0.56–5.55 mM, with the sensitivity of 0.72 μA mM−1, the detection limit of 0.29 mM, the response time of 20 s, and sample throughput of 34 samples per hour. The application of the proposed sensor to detect glucose in sport and energy drink samples showed good precision, with the RSD percentage of 0.7–5.6% (n = 3) and a recovery percentage of 97–103%.
A manganese oxides mediator was electrodeposited onto a low-cost pencil graphite electrode (PE) from an easily available and affordable potassium permanganate precursor. The modified manganese oxides coated PE (MnOxides/PE) was previously utilized as a hydrogen peroxide sensor according to its electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen peroxide oxidation in an ammonium buffer (pH 9.0) medium. The amperometric detection of hydrogen peroxide is possible at +0.50 V vs Ag/AgCl instead of +0.80 V vs Ag/AgCl using an unmodified PE. Further modification of the MnOxides/PE with glucose oxidase immobilization converted the modified PE into a glucose sensor by hydrogen peroxide detection in a phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at the same operating potential. The linear concentration range of glucose detection by the batch technique was 0.056–1.41 mM, with a sensitivity of 2.19 μA mM−1. A detection limit of 18.3 μM and a percentage RSD of 5.0% were obtained from five different sensors. Through the flow injection analysis technique, a low-cost open-flow cell containing a volume of 1.4 mL was fabricated from a plastic vial and a micropipette tip. Using the injection volume of 200 μL and flow rate of 1 mL min−1, the linear concentration range of glucose detection was determined to be 0.56–5.55 mM, with the sensitivity of 0.72 μA mM−1, the detection limit of 0.29 mM, the response time of 20 s, and sample throughput of 34 samples per hour. The application of the proposed sensor to detect glucose in sport and energy drink samples showed good precision, with the percentage RSD of 0.7–5.6% (n = 3) and a recovery percentage of 97–103%.
A manganèse oxides mediator was electrodeposited onto a low-cost pencil graphite electrode (PE) from an easily available and affordable potassium permanganate précurseur. The modified manganese oxides coated PE (MnOxides/PE) was previously used as a hydrogen peroxide sensor according to its electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen peroxide oxidation in an ammonium buffer (pH 9.0) medium. The amperometric detection of hydrogen peroxide is possible at +0.50 V vs Ag/AgCl instead of +0.80 V vs Ag/AgCl using an unmodified PE. Further modification of the MnOxides/PE with glucose oxidase immobilization converted the modified PE into a glucose sensor by hydrogen peroxide detection in a phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) at the same operating potential. The linear concentration range of glucose detection by the batch technique was 0.056–1.41 mM, with a sensitivity of 2.19 μA mM−1. A detection limit of 18.3 μM and a percentage RSD of 5.0% were obtained from five different sensors. Through the flow injection analysis technique, a low-cost open-flow cell containing a volume of 1.4 mL was fabricated from a plastic vial and a micropipette tip. Using the injection volume of 200 μL and flow rate of 1 mL min−1, the linear concentration range of glucose detection was determined to be 0.56-5.55 mM, with the sensitivity of 0.72 μA mM−1, the detection limit of 0.29 mM, the response time of 20 s, and sample throughput of 34 samples per hour. The application of the proposed sensor to detect glucose in sport and energy drink samples showed good precision, with the percentage RSD of 0.7-5.6 % (n = 3) and a recovery percentage of 97-103 %.
تم ترسيب وسيط أكاسيد المنغنيز بالكهرباء على قطب جرافيت بقلم رصاص منخفض التكلفة (PE) من سلائف برمنغنات البوتاسيوم المتاحة بسهولة وبأسعار معقولة. تم استخدام أكاسيد المنغنيز المعدلة المغلفة بـ PE (MnOxides/PE) سابقًا كمستشعر بيروكسيد الهيدروجين وفقًا لنشاطه التحفيزي الكهربائي لأكسدة بيروكسيد الهيدروجين في وسط عازل للأمونيوم (pH 9.0). يمكن الكشف عن أمبيرومتري لبيروكسيد الهيدروجين عند +0.50 فولت مقابل Ag/AgCl بدلاً من +0.80 فولت مقابل Ag/AgCl باستخدام PE غير معدل. أدى التعديل الإضافي لأكاسيد المنغنيز/البولي إيثيلين مع تثبيت أكسيد الجلوكوز إلى تحويل البولي إيثيلين المعدل إلى مستشعر جلوكوز عن طريق الكشف عن بيروكسيد الهيدروجين في منطقة عازلة للفوسفات (الأس الهيدروجيني 7.4) عند نفس جهد التشغيل. كان نطاق التركيز الخطي للكشف عن الجلوكوز بواسطة تقنية الدُفعة 0.056-1.41 مللي مولار، مع حساسية 2.19 ميكرو أمبير مللي مولار-1. تم الحصول على حد كشف قدره 18.3 ميكرومتر ونسبة RSD قدرها 5.0 ٪ من خمسة مستشعرات مختلفة. من خلال تقنية تحليل حقن التدفق، تم تصنيع خلية مفتوحة التدفق منخفضة التكلفة تحتوي على حجم 1.4 مل من قنينة بلاستيكية وطرف ماصة دقيقة. باستخدام حجم الحقن 200 ميكرولتر ومعدل التدفق 1 ملليلتر كحد أدنى−1، تم تحديد نطاق التركيز الخطي للكشف عن الجلوكوز ليكون 0.56-5.55 ملليمتر، مع حساسية 0.72 ميكرو أمبير ملليمتر −1، حد الكشف 0.29 ملليمتر، وقت الاستجابة 20 ثانية، وإنتاجية العينة 34 عينة في الساعة. أظهر تطبيق المستشعر المقترح للكشف عن الجلوكوز في عينات الرياضة ومشروبات الطاقة دقة جيدة، حيث بلغت نسبة RSD 0.7–5.6 ٪ (n = 3) ونسبة استرداد 97-103 ٪.
- University of Graz Austria
- Silpakorn University Thailand
Electrode, pH Sensing, Amperometry, Organic chemistry, Bioengineering, Analytical Chemistry (journal), Detection limit, Engineering, Flow injection analysis, Non-enzymatic Sensors, Modified pencil graphite electrode, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrochemistry, Advances in Chemical Sensor Technologies, Electrochemical Biosensor Technology, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, FOS: Chemical engineering, Glucose Sensors, Chromatography, Glucose sensor, Manganese oxides mediator, Chemical Engineering, Hydrogen peroxide, Graphene-Based Sensors, Materials science, Nuclear chemistry, Chemistry, Electrochemical Detection of Heavy Metal Ions, Physical chemistry, Physical Sciences, TA401-492, Linear range, Glucose oxidase, Potentiometric Sensors, Inorganic chemistry, Potassium permanganate
Electrode, pH Sensing, Amperometry, Organic chemistry, Bioengineering, Analytical Chemistry (journal), Detection limit, Engineering, Flow injection analysis, Non-enzymatic Sensors, Modified pencil graphite electrode, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electrochemistry, Advances in Chemical Sensor Technologies, Electrochemical Biosensor Technology, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, FOS: Chemical engineering, Glucose Sensors, Chromatography, Glucose sensor, Manganese oxides mediator, Chemical Engineering, Hydrogen peroxide, Graphene-Based Sensors, Materials science, Nuclear chemistry, Chemistry, Electrochemical Detection of Heavy Metal Ions, Physical chemistry, Physical Sciences, TA401-492, Linear range, Glucose oxidase, Potentiometric Sensors, Inorganic chemistry, Potassium permanganate
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