
The author proves some interesting inequalities involving the logarithmic derivative of the gamma function \(\psi(x)=\frac{\Gamma^{\prime}(x)}{\Gamma(x)}\), and its derivatives \(\psi_{n}(x)=\psi^{(n)}(x),\;n=1,2,3,\ldots\), known as polygamma functions. In particular, the author proves the following inequalities: For all positive integers \(n\) and positive real numbers \(x>0\), we have \[ (n-1)!\exp\big(-n\psi(x+1/2)\big)(-1)^{n-1}n\psi_{n}(x+1)\Bigg(1-\Big(\frac{\psi_{n}(x+1)}{\psi_{n}(x)}\Big)^{1/n}\Bigg). \] \[ (n!)^{\frac{1}{n+1}}[x-(x^{-1/n}+\alpha)^{-n}]^{-\frac{1}{n+1}}<\big((-1)^{n-1}\psi_{n}\big)^{-1}(x) \] \[ < (n!)^{\frac{1}{n+1}}[x-(x^{-1/n}+\beta)^{-n}]^{-\frac{1}{n+1}} \] where the constants \(\alpha=((n-1)!)^{-1/n}\) and \(\beta=(n!\zeta(n+1))^{-1/n}\) are best possible. \[ -\gamma+x\psi^{\prime}(x/2)<\psi(x+1)<-\gamma+x\psi^{\prime}(\sqrt{x+1}-1), \] where \(\gamma\) is Euler's constant. Finally, the author proves that for all positive integers \(n\) and positive real numbers \(x,y\), we have \[ (-1)^{n}\psi^{(n+1)}\Big(\frac{x+y}{2}\Big)<\frac{(-1)^{n}(\psi^{(n)}(x)-\psi^{(n)}(y))}{x-y}<(-1)^{n}\psi^{(n+1)}\big(S_{-(n+1)}(x,y)\big), \] where for \(p\in \mathbb{R}\) \[ S_{p}(a,b)=\Big(\frac{a^{p}-b^{p}}{p(a-b)}\Big)^{1/(p-1)} \] is Stolarsky's mean of \(a,b\). \[ \alpha-\log(e^{1/x}-1)<\psi(x)<\beta-\log(e^{1/x}-1), \] where the constants \(\alpha=-\gamma\) and \(\beta=0\) are best possible.
Other analytical inequalities, Polygamma functions, Inverse polygamma functions, Applied Mathematics, Inequalities involving derivatives and differential and integral operators, complete monotonicity, Complete monotonicity, inequalities, Digamma function, polygamma functions, Gautschi inequality, Inequalities for sums, series and integrals, digamma function, Inequalities involving other types of functions, Riemann zeta-function and gamma function, Gamma, beta and polygamma functions, Analysis
Other analytical inequalities, Polygamma functions, Inverse polygamma functions, Applied Mathematics, Inequalities involving derivatives and differential and integral operators, complete monotonicity, Complete monotonicity, inequalities, Digamma function, polygamma functions, Gautschi inequality, Inequalities for sums, series and integrals, digamma function, Inequalities involving other types of functions, Riemann zeta-function and gamma function, Gamma, beta and polygamma functions, Analysis
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