Abstract This study presents a provenance analysis of the obsidian assemblage from Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) at Gre Filla, in Turkey. A hand-held, portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometer was used to obtain the element contents of the artefacts. The major sources at the settlement were identified as Bingol B, Bingol A, and Nemrut Dag. The comprehensive analysis of the data set enables us to establish the spatial variation in the relative proportions of each source. The preliminary results of spatial patterning at the site indicate that there could be a relation between the obsidian procurement practices and the function of the structures.