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Journal of Algebra
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Journal of Algebra
Article . 2016 . Peer-reviewed
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Article . 2016
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On Birkhoff's quasigroup axioms

On Birkhoff's quasigroup axioms.
Authors: Phillips, J. D.; Pushkashu, D. I.; Shcherbacov, A. V.; Shcherbacov, V. A.;

On Birkhoff's quasigroup axioms

Abstract

Quasigroups form a variety only if two additional operations, namely \(/\) and \(\backslash\) are considered. Birkhoff formulated six identities that define equationally the variety of quasigroups. Evans proved that only the most natural four identities are needed. In this article the authors study which other four-tuples of Birkhoff's identities suffice to define quasigroups. Among all combinations, nine define quasigroups, four define larger classes and two remain open.

Keywords

left quasigroups, division groupoids, Loops, quasigroups, Birkhoff identities, varieties of quasigroups, cancellation groupoids, Axiomatics and elementary properties of groups, quasigroup axioms

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
hybrid