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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Computer Methods and...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
Article . 2004 . Peer-reviewed
License: Elsevier TDM
Data sources: Crossref
DBLP
Article . 2004
Data sources: DBLP
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A SAS macro for the analysis of multivariate longitudinal binary outcomes

Authors: Brent J. Shelton; Gregg H. Gilbert; Bin Liu; Monica Fisher;

A SAS macro for the analysis of multivariate longitudinal binary outcomes

Abstract

Multiple binary outcomes occur quite frequently in oral health research, as well as other areas of health care research. When there is interest in comparing whether covariates influence one outcome more than another, statistical methods that adjust for the correlation that may exist between outcomes are warranted. Available software is limited to the extent that some pre-processing of the data is required. The main objective of this paper is to describe a SAS macro that can be used to estimate separate covariate effects on multiple, correlated binary outcomes. We demonstrate the utility of the macro by applying it to fit a trivariate logistic regression model using GEE where the three correlated longitudinal outcomes of interest include whether a subject had a problem-oriented visit, a dental cleaning, or a routine check-up, or some combination thereof. All three outcomes were measured at four 6-monthly intervals (0-24 months). Estimates from the trivariate logistic regression model are compared to results obtained by fitting three separate binary longitudinal models using GEE for each oral health outcome. The odds of having a problem-oriented visit were greater for males compared to females as estimated from the multivariate model (P = 0.0407), but the odds were not significant in the univariate model (P = 0.0641). The multivariate model also aided in confirming expected results that consistent regular attenders (compared to consistent problem-oriented attenders) had greater odds of having received dental cleaning and check-ups relative to having problem-oriented visits (chi2 = 33.47, P < 0.01), and that those with broken teeth or broken filling (compared to those without) are at greater odds of having a problem-oriented visit relative to having dental cleaning or checkups (chi2 = 34.12, P < 0.01 and chi2 = 17.11, P < 0.01).

Keywords

Risk Factors, Multivariate Analysis, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Humans, Oral Health, Dental Care, Software

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
15
Average
Top 10%
Top 10%
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