Abstract Fisheries management has expanded from a traditional focus to a more holistic model based on a model describing the change in the number of generations of fish under the influence of age-dependent natural mortality and harvesting. We calculated the abundance, biomass, production, natural, total loss and catches from the conditional population of great sturgeon resulting from the replenishment of 1.0 million instances of fingerlings with different rates of linear and weight growth in the period 1931–1975. It was found that the size of fingerlings has the greatest influence on the abundance and biomass of conditional great sturgeon populations formed from juveniles. We found an increase in the length of annuals of 19.3%, with the biomass of the conditional population, its production and catch size increasing by 2.9 times. Thus, cultivation of sturgeon in sturgeon hatcheries (SH) and the release of large sized great sturgeon juveniles into the sea will significantly increase the efficiency of work of the artificial reproduction of stocks.