Much of the projected potential promise of supercritical CO2 (sCO2) power generation cycles results from advances in heat exchangers, which greatly influence the overall system efficiency and system size. The heat exchangers in the sCO2 cycle are of three basic types, heaters, recuperators, and coolers. Typical closed Brayton cycles using sCO2 as the working fluid require a high degree of heat recuperation. Future heat exchangers may reduce the cost and increase the performance over the current state of the art with new concepts to transfer heat or new manufacturing methods. Additive manufacturing is one possibility to demonstrate new concepts to effectively transfer heat, which may be beneficial for complex geometry. Similar to conventional enhancements such as turbulators or fins, microstructures could be manufactured on a much smaller dimensional scale, which would be appropriate for the small passages in sCO2 heat exchangers. The microstructure layout and manufacturing method would have to be cost effective and be shown to perform better than conventional surface enhancements.