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Journal of Algebra
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Journal of Algebra
Article . 1978
License: Elsevier Non-Commercial
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Journal of Algebra
Article . 1978 . Peer-reviewed
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On normal radicals, N-radicals, and A-radicals

On normal radicals, N-radicals and A-radicals
Authors: A. D. Sands; M Jaegermann;

On normal radicals, N-radicals, and A-radicals

Abstract

In this paper we work in the class of associative rings. Fundamental definitions and properties of radicals may be found in Divinsky [3] and Wiegandt [I 71. The concept of normal radical was introduced by Jaegermann [7] and further properties were given by Sands [12]. l’he concept of A’-radical was introduced by Sands [I I]. In [12] it was pointed out that K-radicals are precisely the supernilpotent normal radicals. Another family of radicals has been introduced bv Gardner [4], who called them -l-radicals. These are the radicals nhich depend only on the additive structure of the ring and they also al-e normal r-acsifv hereditarl. normal radicals. ‘I’he concept of a special radical was introduced by -Indrunakic\.ic [2]. In the nest section we show that certain constructions starting from a normal radical lead to a special normal radical which, since a special radical is supernilpotcnt. must be an N-radical. \Ve give, however, an example to show that an .V-radical need not be special.

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Keywords

Algebra and Number Theory, Radicals and radical properties of associative rings

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
25
Average
Top 10%
Average
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