
Sierpiński graph \(S_n^t\) can be defined recursively as \(S_n^1\cong K_n\) and one obtains \(S_n^{t+1}\) from \(S_n^t\) by replacing each vertex from \(S_n^t\) by a copy of \(K_n\) and adding some special edges between these copies of \(K_n\). Let \(G\) be a graph. Partition \((V_0,V_1,V_2)\) of \(V(G)\) is a Roman partition of \(G\) if every vertex from \(V_0\) has a neighbor in \(V_2\) and the weight of this partition is \(f(V_0,V_1,V_2)=|V_1|+2|V_2|\). The Roman domination number \(\gamma_R(G)\) is then the minimum weight \(f(V_0,V_1,V_2)\) over all Roman partitions \((V_0,V_1,V_2)\). Similarly, a partition \((V_0,V_1,V_2,V_3)\) of \(V(G)\) is a double Roman partition of \(G\) if every vertex from \(V_0\) has a neighbor in \(V_3\) or two neighbors in \(V_2\) and every vertex from \(V_1\) has a neighbor in \(V_2\cup V_3\). The weight of this partition is \(f(V_0,V_1,V_2,V_3)=|V_1|+2|V_2|+3|V_3|\). The double Roman domination number \(\gamma_{dR}(G)\) is then the minimum weight \(f(V_0,V_1,V_2,V_3)\) over all double Roman partitions \((V_0,V_1,V_2,V_3)\). The author introduced a dominating set of \(S_n^k\) that yields a Roman and doubly Roman partition of \(S_n^k\) of minimum weight and this settles \(\gamma_{R}(S_n^k)\) and \(\gamma_{dR}(S_n^k)\).
Vertex subsets with special properties (dominating sets, independent sets, cliques, etc.), Edge subsets with special properties (factorization, matching, partitioning, covering and packing, etc.), double Roman domination number, Sierpiński graph, Roman domination number
Vertex subsets with special properties (dominating sets, independent sets, cliques, etc.), Edge subsets with special properties (factorization, matching, partitioning, covering and packing, etc.), double Roman domination number, Sierpiński graph, Roman domination number
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