The aim of this study was to obtain diploid rye/wheat chromosome substitutions or translocations. For this purpose crosses between substitution-translocation tetraploid rye with diploid rye and reciprocal crosses were conducted. Hybrid karyotypes were analyzed with the C-banding method. Percentage seed setting and seed-germination varied greatly with the direction of the cross. The cross of substitution-translocation tetraploid rye with diploid rye resulted in 18 plants, with chromosome number of 18-22. With the reciprocal cross already in the F 1 generation 21 plants of diploid rye with wheat introgressions were obtained. These included four plants with single monosomic substitution wheat chromosomes: 1A, 2A, 5A, 7A, one plant with 4AL/4RS translocation, one with 6AL/6RS, seven plants - 2AL/2RS and eight - 7AL/7RS. Moreover, rye/wheat chromosome additions and addition-substitution were obtained in this cross. The presence of three 15 chromosome plants was confirmed, including two plants with single, monosomic wheat chromosomes 5A and 6A, and one with two monosomic wheat chromosomes 5A and 7A. One 16 chromosome plant with 2A, 17 chromosome plants with two wheat chromosomes 5A and 7A and one 18 chromosome plant with 5A were observed. Cytological analysis of the hybrids of the cross of diploid rye with tetraploid substitution-translocation rye revealed that none contained chromosomes of the wheat B genome. All 14-18 chromosome plants were fertile, had dehiscent anthers and set kernels.