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The Mathematical Intelligencer
Article . 1995 . Peer-reviewed
License: Springer TDM
Data sources: Crossref
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
zbMATH Open
Article . 1995
Data sources: zbMATH Open
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Eisenstein’s footnote

Eisenstein's footnote
Authors: Stillwell, John;

Eisenstein’s footnote

Abstract

The ``solution'' of the quintic equation represents one of the high points of 19th century mathematics, and it is indelibly attached to the names of Hermite and Klein. It is less well known that G. Eisenstein had given a ``solution'' 14 years before Hermite. He gave it only as a footnote in one of his early papers and hence the title of the paper. His solution consists of two steps. First of all Eisenstein uses the Bring-Jerrard reduction (to an equation of the form \(X^5+ X-\lambda=0\)). The author argues, convincingly, that Eisenstein had become aware of Jerrard's work during a visit to Dublin when he met W. R. Hamilton. (Bring was a Swedish mathematician; the reduction of the quintic was given in his thesis of 1786, but it was apparently completely forgotten.) Eisenstein then gives an elegant power series expansion of a root of the equation for \(\lambda\) small and \(X\) close to \(\lambda\). This one would now derive by means of the Lagrange-Bürmann theorem. Eisenstein had his own method, and the author remarks that Lambert had discovered essentially the same results in 1758 -- but then the Bring-Jerrard reduction was unknown. Eisenstein does not make any connection with the theory of elliptic functions; indeed this would have been more or less impossible at the time. In this paper the author gives an account both of the history and of the mathematics of Eisenstein's discovery.

Related Organizations
Keywords

quintic equation, Equations in general fields, 19th century mathematics, History of mathematics in the 19th century, history, History of field theory, Bring-Jerrard reduction

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
6
Average
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