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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao The Mathematical Int...arrow_drop_down
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The Mathematical Intelligencer
Article . 1991 . Peer-reviewed
License: Springer TDM
Data sources: Crossref
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
zbMATH Open
Article . 1991
Data sources: zbMATH Open
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Catalan Numbers, Their Generalization, and Their Uses

Catalan numbers, their generalization, and their uses
Authors: Hilton, Peter; Pedersen, Jean;

Catalan Numbers, Their Generalization, and Their Uses

Abstract

The authors are concerned with four enumeration problems all involving the numbers \(f(p,n)=(pn)!/n!(pn-n+1)!\) for positive integers \(p-1\) and \(n\). (1) Let \(a(p,n)\) be the number of planted plane trees having exactly \(n\) vertices with out-degree \(n\). (2) Let \(b(p,n)\) be the number of ways of associating \(n\) applications of a \(p\)-ary operation. (3) Let \(c(p,n)\) be the number of ways of subdividing a convex \((pn-n+2)\)-gon into \(n(p+1)\)-gons using \(n-1\) non-intersecting diagonals. (4) Let \(d(p,n)\) be the number of lattice paths from (0,0) to \((n,pn-n)\) where each step of the path is to the right or upward to an adjacent lattice point, and all points of the path are on or below the line \(y=(p-1)x\). The authors could have added: (5) Let \(e(p,n)\) be the number of binary sequences \((b_ 1,b_ 2,\dots)\) consisting of \(n\) 1's and \(pn-n\) 0's such that \(b_ 1+b_ 2+\cdots+b_ k p\) is at least \(k\) for \(k=1,2,\dots,n\). Using injections between the various sets involved, and solving one of the problems using generating functions, one can show that \(a(p,n)=b(p,n)=c(p,n)=d(p,n)=e(p,n)=f(p,n)\) for all positive integers \(p- 1\) and \(n\). Besides describing this result, the authors discuss more detailed problems involving lattice paths restricted to special regions.

Related Organizations
Keywords

lattice paths, enumeration problems, Other combinatorial number theory, generating functions, Exact enumeration problems, generating functions, Catalan numbers

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
143
Top 10%
Top 1%
Top 10%
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