lBotanist, Crops Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland; and respectively, Chief and Assistant Specialist, Forestry Division, Joint Commission on Rural Reconstruction, Taipei, Taiwvan, Republic of China. Received for publication 21 December, 1960. local use. The mill described herein is typical of fiber mills in that country as to size, methods employed, and amount of production. Taiwan mills use all available species of bamnboo for production of fiber without preference for any single species. The mill described and illustrated was using Barmbusa dolichoclada Hayata at the time the accompanying photographs were taken. Culms used for fiber must be processed within a week after they are cut and must contain at least 40% moisture. Those in the first or second year of growth are