AbstractThe major lipid classes and their constituent fatty acids were analyzed in maturing seeds ofHibiscus esculentus andH. cannabinus. The seeds matured in 40 and 45 days, respectively. The active accumulation period was from the 13th to 25th and 15th to 30th day after flowering, respectively. While a continuous increase in the content of triacylglycerols (TAG) was noticed inH. esculentus, TAG was at its peak inH. cannabinus on the 20th day after flowering. The contents of polar lipids were high in the immature seeds but decreased during maturation. The major fatty acids in both species were palmitic, oleic and linoleic. Cyclopropane fatty acids were present only in TAG of both species throughout maturation period. Cyclopropene and epoxy acids appeared in TAG in traces at the final stages of seed maturation. Oleic and linoleic acids were preferentially esterified at the secondary positions of TAG. The contents of palmitic and stearic acids at the secondary positions were sharply reduced as TAG accumulated.