AbstractStudies on the transport of exogenous and endogenous cholesterol in the baboon have been carried out using14C‐acetate,14C‐mevalonic acid, or3H‐cholesterol. The results suggest the following characteristics of cholesterol metabolism in the baboon: the serum α‐ and β‐lipoproteins show no preference in the transport of exogenous or endogenous cholesterol; the half‐life (t1/2) of disappearance of cholesterol from the whole animal varied between 31 and 50 days; the daily rate of whole body cholesterol biosynthesis in the baboon (47 mg/kg/day) is comparable with that rate observed in the human being (18–41 mg/kg/day); after administration of14C‐acetate,14C‐mevalonic acid, or3H‐cholesterol to baboons, newly synthesized cholesterol esters appear to be incorporated to a greater extent into the serum α‐lipoproteins.