On the basis of foreign material presented at the Second International Conference on the Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy (Geneva, 1958), we consider aspects of the production and use of fuel elements (F E) with uranium dioxide cores in tubular and laminar sheaths and also aspects of the use of uranium and thorium carbides and oxides for F E of high-temperature (up to 1000°) reactors with gas cooling and the use of thorium metal for F E.