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Mathematical Programming
Article . 1993 . Peer-reviewed
License: Springer TDM
Data sources: Crossref
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zbMATH Open
Article . 1993
Data sources: zbMATH Open
DBLP
Article . 1993
Data sources: DBLP
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A class of “onto” multifunctions

A class of ``onto'' multifunctions
Authors: B. Curtis Eaves; Uriel G. Rothblum;

A class of “onto” multifunctions

Abstract

The authors generalize the following classical theorem: ``If \(C\) is a compact convex set in \(\mathbb{R}^ n\) and \(f: C\to \mathbb{R}^ n\) is a continuous function that coincides with the identity on the boundary of \(C\), then \(C\subseteq f(C):= \{f(x): x\in C\}\).'' Their generalization allows noncompact sets \(C\), multivalued functions \(f\), and rather general boundary behaviour, but retains the key conclusion, namely, \[ C\subseteq f(C):=\bigcup \{f(x): x\in C\}.\tag{1} \] For any convex subset \(C\) of \(\mathbb{R}^ n\), one may define a multifunction \(\sigma: C\to C\) by taking \(\sigma(x)\) as the smallest face of \(C\) containing \(x\), and call a vector \(c\) in \(\mathbb{R}^ n\) a coercive direction for \(C\) if the set of \(x\) in \(C\) minimizing \(c^ T x\) is nonempty and bounded. Main Theorem: Let \(C\) be a nonempty closed and pointed convex subset of \(\mathbb{R}^ n\). Let \(f: C\to \mathbb{R}^ n\) be a set-valued mapping with nonempty convex values. Assume that \(f\) is upper continuous, in the sense that \(\limsup_{y\to x} f(y)\subseteq f(x)\) for every \(x\) in \(C\). Then a sufficient condition for (1) is that there exist a selection \(s(x)\in f(x)\) for all \(x\in C\) and a coercive direction \(c\) for \(C\) such that (a) \(s(x)\) lies in the affine hull of \(\sigma(x)\) for each \(x\) in \(C\); (b) if \(\| s(x_ k)\|\to\infty\) for some sequence \(\{x_ k\}\) in \(C\), then \(\| x_ k\|\to\infty\); (c) if \(\| x_ k\|\to\infty\) for some sequence \(\{x_ k\}\) in \(C\), then \(c^ T s(x_ k)\to+\infty\). The authors draw a number of interesting corollaries from their main result, including the classical theorem quoted above. They take care to show by example that none of their hypotheses can be discarded, and present a detailed analysis of their theorem's application to the ``congestion attainability problem''. In this problem, a ``Kelly network'' of queues with \(p\) single-server stations and clients divided into \(n\) classes is allowed to converge to steady state. The main theorem implies that once the service rate at each station is prescribed, the number of customers of each class in the system at steady state can be assigned arbitrarily, simply by varying the \(n\)-vector of arrival rates for the various customer classes.

Keywords

Convex programming, multifunction, Nonsmooth analysis, homotopy, Queues and service in operations research, Set-valued functions, Set-valued maps in general topology

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
bronze