
doi: 10.1007/bf01019529
A considerable number of studies published in recent years have been devoted to the study of gas in channels and pipes. In view of the complexity of the question and the lack of analytic techniques, individual aspects of the problem are generally considered. The determination of the radiant field characteristics in regions of simple geometric form filled with a stationary radiating-absorbing medium has been carried out in several studies. The articles [1–3] are devoted to the calculation of the radiant field and the temperature field for a given flow of a perfect inviscid nonheat-conducting radiating gas with constant absorption coefficient. The flow is assumed to be irrotational [1, 2] or nearly potential [3]. The authors investigated the accuracy of the solution obtained with the aid of various approximate methods and found that the diffusion approximation yields a small error in calculating the radiation density field and the values of the radiant thermal fluxes for a quite broad class of wall reflecting properties. We may note also [4, 5], in which a calculation is made of one-dimensional steady flow of a viscous heat-conducting radiating perfect gas with constant transport coefficients. In [1–5] the absorption coefficient is considered constant. This assumption simplifies the solution process considerably, since as the independent variables we can take the corresponding optical thicknesses. The study [3] contains a remark that the calculation method proposed there may be used with a variable absorption coefficient. However, this possibility was not used in the calculations presented. For a constant absorption coefficient these studies yield a rather complete analysis of the methods for solving two-dimensional problems in geometrically simple regions in the absence of mechanical motion and one-dimensional problems with motion. They contain results obtained for the exact integral or integrodlfferential equations and present an analysis of the approximate methods. The study [3] considers broader possibilities of solving two-dimensional problems (using the Monte-Carlo method), but the flow is assumed known ahead of time. In the following we present a method for calculating the two-dimensional equilibrium flow of an inviscid non-heat-conducting radiating gas with variable absorption coefficient. As an example, we consider the flow of radiating-absorbing hydrogen in axisymmetric nozzles. It is assumed that the radiation is gray and is in local thermodynamic equilibrium. The transport equation is considered in the diffusion approximation. The nozzles examined have a semi-infinite cylindrical inlet section. The initial gas flow in the cylindrical section is supersonic. In the solution process we determine the radiation density field and all the flow parameters within the nozzle.
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