A case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the lung is reported. The tumour margin was well circumscribed, showing an expanding border and no capsule. The main part of the tumour was composed of spindle-shaped fibroblast-like cells arranged in broad fascicles with a partially storiform pattern. Other parts of the tumour were arranged in a haphazard pattern, containing many mononucleated and multinucleated giant cells. Ultrastructurally six different cell types were encountered. The dominant type was a fibroblast-like cell; also present were many giant cells and some histiocyte-like cells, together with their intermediate forms, and few undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. We consider this tumour to have developed from the peribronchial connective tissue; it has the same cellular composition as the malignant counterpart arising in soft tissues.