There are many different methods of insect pest control available to applied entomologists, and in general it is clear that the basic orientation is usually towards the host population as a whole rather than individuals. However, with some humans and some livestock, as well as some expensive horticultural plants, the welfare of individuals is of concern. Of course, even in agriculture there are occasions when a single insect pest can have serious consequences, especially in the case of quarantine inspection or grading produce quality.