When we think about the landscape, we rarely consider that it may have an economic value or even any links with economy. We are more in the habit of associating spiritual and aesthetic values to the idea of landscape which would appear to have nothing to do with money. Yet this comes from a misplaced idea of what landscape is and of what the aim of economics should be. It is perhaps not by chance that the most comprehensive review of the Italian agricultural landscape and its transformations was produced by Emilio Sereni, who was an historian and a skilled economist.