Biogas is derived from anaerobic digestion of biomass, which can be broadly grouped into municipal sewage and solid waste (including food wastes), livestock and agroprocessing residues, and energy crops. Technologies range in scale from domestic systems for thermal (cooking) energy to multi-megawatt grid-connected combined heat and power generation systems, or even systems that inject biomethane into natural gas grids. Biogas technology provides distinctive advantages compared to other renewable energy technologies: it combines energy (gas) storage with generation; it provides valuable co-products such as nutrient-rich bioslurry; and it can easily co-digest a range of feedstocks thus providing an integrated waste management service. At the same time, the subtleties associated with the technology arise from a unique combination of factors including that: the feedstock source is often a waste or problem product, and hence its use for energetic utilization resolves waste management problems; the nutrients made more available through the anaerobic digestion process are extremely valuable (typically, the nutrients are at least five times as valuable as the biogas generated); and co-digestion of different substrates in one system improves returns on investment. The trend now is that of increasing numbers of biogas installations across Africa. This is largely apparent in the domestic energy sector, which has in recent years seen the start of a number of national domestic biogas programmes each with national targets of over 10,000 domestic systems to be installed in the next 5 years. National programmes in Africa are currently implemented in Rwanda, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, Cameroon, Benin and Burkina Faso. In many African countries, the sewerage infrastructure and waste management within the urban and peri-urban perimeters is often non-existent, or failing. Many major cities have an immediate opportunity through biogas technology implementation to reduce the serious, negative impact of the status quo on the aquatic environment, on human health and hygiene, and on pests and methane emissions from rotting organic solid waste, be it at the roadsides or at dump sites. The biogas solutions are additional and complementary to the existing infrastructure. The benefits of the technology, compared with other renewable energy technologies (RETs) are often subtle and hence more difficult to measure and realize, yet with the correct policies and financial tariffs/incentives in place, the use of the technology is most certainly viable. The levels and types of service offering and the associated business models are key elements to deepening the access to the technology across Africa.