This book develops and describes the isotope effect in the low-dimensional structures (down to 3–10 A). Without assuming prior knowledge of quantum physics, present book provides a unifying framework for the basic ideas needed to understand the recent developments in the nanoscience. Wide range of isotopetronics permits to say about new branch of the subnanoscience (isotope-engineered materials) as well as device concepts and materials for nanotechnology. This book is first and comprehensive interdisciplinary account of the isotope-engineered materials (science and technology).