Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been demonstrated to be the most efficacious treatment for numerous problems when compared to other treatment modalities. The CBT paradigm has been successfully used to assist both children with internalizing and externalizing disorders, and also those without difficulties. However, the majority of studies examining the effectiveness of CBT have been conducted using predominantly White, middle-class samples. There has been a dearth of research regarding the efficacy of CBT in non-White populations, likely due to the lack of ethnic minority participants in psychological research. This is particularly true in regards to research on anxiety disorders among African American youth. It is important to examine specific factors effecting treatment and research participation among African Americans (i.e., the socio-historical context of the African American experience, cultural mistrust, limited access to resources, and limited culturally competent clinicians) and the cultural ingredients that facilitate successful outcomes. As such, the purpose of this chapter is to review the literature pertaining to CBT, address the findings related specifically to the treatment of African American youth, and to examine the gaps in the literature and need for further research in this population.