Poor pollen preservation in cave deposits is due to oxidation and increasing scarcity of pollen with distance from the cave entrance. After an attempt to obtain pollen grains from the sediments in Azokh 1 (Lesser Caucasus) failed, two coprolites from Unit II were investigated for their microfossil contents. They contained few diatoms (including the rare Pliocaenicus), even less pollen but numerous phytoliths that were compared with those in selected levels of cave deposits and modern soil from outside. Grass silica short cell phytoliths give evidence of vegetation typical of a temperate climate for Unit II, which included C3 grasses. Not only the coprolites from Azokh are useful but the whole sequence of deposits has good potential for palaeoclimatic reconstruction based on for phytolith studies. The diatoms observed indicate feeding from a relatively moist terrestrial environment and availability of lake and/or running water.