Gastric varices account for up to 20 % and ectopic varices for 2 to 5 % of variceal bleeding. In comparison to oesophageal varices, relatively few controlled clinical trials have been performed for gastric varices. The literature on ectopic varices is mainly composed of case series and case reports. Given the paucity of data, it is difficult to give definite treatment recommendations. However, it appears clear that both glue injection (cyanoacrylate) and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS) are effective treatments for bleeding gastric varices. Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous occlusion (BRTO) of varices is widely used in the Far East and has the advantages that it can be used in patients with poor liver function or in the presence of portal vein thrombosis. The main disadvantage is an increase in portal venous pressure with new varices appearing. Parastomal varices may need TIPS, transvenous embolization or surgical revision of the stoma. Ano-rectal varices may be treated with banding. Endoscopic ultrasound may be useful to target banding to areas in the high rectum where perforating veins occur. Spontaneous bleeding from retroperitoneal varices occurs in advanced liver disease and prognosis is poor.