Geothermal energy is a low-carbon energy source which is available as baseload operating throughout the day and year. Geothermal projects harness thermal energy from the earth and make it available for direct use in residential or industrial heating applications and for electricity generation. Sustainable management of geothermal systems requires careful consideration of the rate at which fluid is withdrawn from underground. The future of geothermal energy is likely to include more flexible development from smaller modular plants, lithium extraction from geothermal fluid, and geothermal energy being used to power electrolyzers to generate hydrogen as a transport fuel. Accessing geothermal resources requires an interdisciplinary understanding of geoscientific and engineering disciplines. ; No Full Text