Since the industrial revolution our environment is increasingly affected by anthropogenic impact. An in-depth knowledge of earth science and geo-ecosystems is required to protect the environment and landscapes for the future generations. Environmental management integrates knowledge from natural science disciplines such as physical geography, landscape ecology, remote sensing, bio-geochemistry, environmental geochemistry to name a few with thorough understanding of earth science. The primary earth science topic that needs to be addressed in environmental management can be divided into natural processes and anthropogenic processes. For example, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, landslides, natural coastal processes disrupt living conditions and need constant monitoring and aftermath management from both social and environmental point of view. On the other hand, increasing population pressure is depleting freshwater and fossil fuel resources, modifying natural landscapes, producing colossal amounts of wastes and releasing toxic chemicals in the environment. Anthropogenic activities are constantly modifying our environment, which are directly impacting our food, water quality and climate. In this chapter, we will discuss both the natural and anthropogenic activities that are affecting our environment in tandem with their associated environmental problems and risks.