The chapter approaches the best-known Serbian and Yugoslav geographer, Jovan Cvijic, as a center of the Yugoslav geographical network, focusing on his communication with colleagues in Yugoslavia and abroad, especially with Albrecht Penck. Duancic points to Cvijic’s complex professional identities and political engagements, describes how Cvijic intertwined physical and human geography, and follows the two-decades-long development of his anthropological narrative on the Balkans and Yugoslav lands in connection to political crises that Serbia faced. The publication of La Peninsule balkanique in 1918 was the culmination of Cvijic’s narrative, the scope of which had grown to encompass not only Serbian, but entire Yugoslav, lands. As political circumstances changed, Cvijic turned his gaze from the southeast toward the northeast, from where the threat was now coming.