
The most important features of Metabolic Syndrome X are: obesity, insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia (hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-cholesterol), impaired glucose tolerance, including impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension1. It is believed that insulin resistance is the central feature of this syndrome2-3. Insulin resistance reflects the target or peripheral defect, whereas hyperinsulinemia may be a consequence of a β cell defect. Insulin resistance develops early in the course of the syndrome, and it may not be the same and may not occur at the same time in all tissues of the body. For instance, the adipose tissue is not resistant to insulin in the early stages of whole-body insulin resistance4, the muscle, however, is resistant very early in the progression of the syndrome5.
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