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Advances in Applied Mathematics
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Advances in Applied Mathematics
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Symmetry Properties of Average Densities and Tangent Measure Distributions of Measures on the Line

Symmetry properties of average densities and tangent measure distributions of measures on the line
Authors: Mörters, Peter;

Symmetry Properties of Average Densities and Tangent Measure Distributions of Measures on the Line

Abstract

Consider a Radon measure \(\mu\) on the line and a constant \(0 < \alpha < 1\). The \(\alpha\)-dimensional average densities of \(\mu\) are introduced by \textit{T. Bedford} and \textit{A. M. Fisher} [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc., III. Ser. 64, No. 1, 95-124 (1992; Zbl 0741.28004)]. More precisely, the lower and upper circular average densities of \(\mu\) at \(x \in {\mathbb R}\) are defined by \[ \underline{D}^{\alpha}(\mu, x) = \liminf_{\varepsilon \to 0} {1 \over | \log \varepsilon| } \int_{\varepsilon}^1 {{\mu([x-t, x+t])}\over {t^{\alpha}}}{dt \over t}, \] and \[ \overline{D}^{\alpha}(\mu, x) = \limsup_{\varepsilon \to 0}{1 \over | \log \varepsilon| } \int_{\varepsilon}^1 {\mu([x-t, x+t]) \over t^{\alpha}} {dt \over t}. \] The lower and upper left-sided average densities \(\underline{D}_{-}^{\alpha} (\mu, x)\) and \(\overline{D}_{-}^{\alpha} (\mu, x)\) are defined in the same way by replacing the symmetric interval \([x-t, x+t]\) by \([x-t, x]\), and the lower and upper right-sided average densities \(\underline{D}_{+}^{\alpha} (\mu, x)\) and \(\overline{D}_{+}^{\alpha} (\mu, x)\) are defined by replacing \([x-t, x+t]\) by \([x, x+t]\). If \(\underline{D}^{\alpha}(\mu, x) = \overline{D}^{\alpha}(\mu, x)\), then the common value is called the average density of \(\mu\) at \(x\) and is denoted by \({D}^{\alpha}(\mu, x)\). In the paper under review, the author proves that if \(\mu\) has positive lower and finite upper \(\alpha\)-densities \(\mu\)-almost everywhere, then the following relations hold \(\mu\)-almost everywhere: \[ \underline{D}_{-}^{\alpha} (\mu, x) = \underline{D}_{+}^{\alpha} (\mu, x) = (1/2)\cdot \underline{D}^{\alpha} (\mu, x) \] and \[ \overline{D}_{-}^{\alpha} (\mu, x) = \overline{D}_{+}^{\alpha} (\mu, x) = (1/2)\cdot \overline{D}^{\alpha} (\mu, x) \] These answer a question of Bedford and Fisher. The author derives these equalities from the following more general result on the tangent measure distributions of \(\mu\) about \(x\): for \(\mu\)-almost every \(x\), the formula \[ \iint G(\nu, u) d\nu(u) dP(\nu)= \iint G(T^{u}\nu, -u) d\nu(u) dP(\nu) \] holds for every tangent measure distribution \(P\) of \(\mu\) at \(x\) and all Borel functions \(G: {\mathcal M}({\mathbb R})\times {\mathbb R} \to [0, \infty)\). Here \(T^{u}\nu\) is the measure defined by \(T^{u}\nu(E) = \nu(u + E)\) and \({\mathcal M} ({\mathbb R})\) is the space of Radon measures with the vague topology. It is also proven that the tangent measure distributions are Palm distributions and thus define \(\alpha\)-self-similar random measures in the sense of \textit{U. Zähle} [Probab. Theory Relat. Fields 80, No. 1, 79-100 (1988; Zbl 0638.60064)].

Country
Germany
Keywords

ddc:510, Length, area, volume, other geometric measure theory, average densities, Applied Mathematics, Radon measure, Fractals, Palm distributions, tangent measure distribution, tangent measure distributions, Palm distribution, average density, geometry of measures, order-two densities

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
6
Average
Average
Average
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hybrid