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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Steel Researcharrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
Steel Research
Article . 2001 . Peer-reviewed
License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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A plasma tundish heater

Authors: Hans Bebber; Alexander Kranz;

A plasma tundish heater

Abstract

The world's first industrially employed plasma system with graphite electrodes for the continuous heating of a tundish was commissioned at the end of March 2001. The system is equipped with 2 graphite electrodes so that a floor electrode is no longer needed. The process data recorded during commissioning give cause for optimism for the future applications of this technology. With an efficiency of 67 %, the system is better than the normal 55 % achieved by the metal torches. In addition, the results show that no carbon pickup takes place and the nitrogen absorption of the melt is far less than 10 ppm and thus well inside the tolerance range of the plant operator.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Average
Average
Average
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