ABSTRACTHigh‐chromium white cast irons are commonly used in applications requiring excellent abrasion resistance, as in the mining and mineral ore processing industry. Their excellent abrasion resistance is mainly due to their solidification microstructures. In this study, 15 experimental high‐chromium white cast alloys containing different chromium and molybdenum contents and a ratio Cr/C of 10 are examined. The wear experiments were carried out on a pin‐on‐disc tribometer at 700°C. Microstructure has the most important role in dictating friction. It was observed that the wear loss was insignificant compared with that obtained at room temperature. The mean friction coefficient was also lower than that observed at room temperature sliding wear. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.