AbstractTo study the effects of particle size of coal dust and mass concentration of coal dust on gas‐coal dust explosions, we conducted sedimentary gas‐coal dust explosion experiments using a pipe network system that included multiple components and individual interactions, which were independently designed and constructed. Experimental conclusions were then theoretically verified based on factor response surface theory. When the particle size of coal dust was constant, the maximum explosion pressure, flame propagation velocity, and flame temperature of the explosion initially increased and then decreased with increasing mass concentration. When the mass concentration of coal dust was constant, the maximum explosion pressure, flame propagation velocity, and flame temperature of the explosion also initially increased and then decreased with increasing particle size. The mass concentration and particle size values of the coal dust were 100 g/m3 and 50 μm, respectively, and under these conditions, the explosion was the most violent. The effects of mass concentration on the maximum explosion pressure and flame temperature were greater than the particle size of the coal dust, and the effect of particle size on the flame front velocity was greater than the mass concentration of the coal dust. The conclusions obtained in this study provide a generalized theoretical basis for the effects of coal dust on hybrid gas‐coal dust explosions.