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Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY NC ND
Data sources: Crossref
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Valorization of CNSL as a Sustainable Solution for PVC Plasticization: A Comprehensive Study of Cardanol–Cardol Mixture

Authors: Adélaïde Gartili; Vincent Lapinte; Benoit Briou; Sylvain Caillol;

Valorization of CNSL as a Sustainable Solution for PVC Plasticization: A Comprehensive Study of Cardanol–Cardol Mixture

Abstract

ABSTRACTFor the first time, a mixture of cardanol and cardol esters has been studied as plasticizers for PVC. From our previous work, it has been established that the favorable plasticizing properties of cardol for PVC materials exist. Hence, the utilization of cashew nutshell liquid (CNSL), a naturally occurring mixture of cardanol and cardol, as a PVC plasticizer presents an intriguing prospect. While major studies focused on cardanol‐based PVC plasticizers, their extraction process entails time‐consuming, energy‐intensive, and costly steps, thereby limiting market competitiveness. The aim of this study is not to focus on pure cardol or pure cardanol, as previously conducted, but instead to focus on the naturally derived mixtures obtained through CNSL extraction. Various ester plasticizers with different alkyl length chains were synthesized from various CNSL mixtures, containing different ratios of cardanol and cardol. The chemical structure of these plasticizers was fully characterized by using 1H NMR spectroscopy, while the rheological properties of plastisol, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of plasticized PVC films were investigated. Through this exploration, insights into the potential of CNSL‐derived esters as efficient PVC plasticizers are elucidated, offering promising alternatives with reduced processing complexities and enhanced market viability.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Top 10%
Average
Average
hybrid