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Advanced Science
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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Conference object . 2025
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Organic Electrochemical Transistors in Tissue‐Interfaced Bioelectronics

Authors: Ruixiang Bai; Zeyu Zhao; Feng Yan;

Organic Electrochemical Transistors in Tissue‐Interfaced Bioelectronics

Abstract

Abstract Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have attracted considerable attention in the field of tissue‐interfaced bioelectronics. They uniquely bridge the ionic and electronic domains while offering mechanical compliance, biocompatibility, and high signal amplification. These characteristics make them especially advantageous for applications requiring stable, long‐term integration with soft, deformable, and dynamic biological tissues. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent progress in the design, fabrication, and application of OECTs for biological integration. It begins by outlining the fundamental working mechanisms of OECTs and their advantages in transducing biological signals. Key strategies to enhance bio‐tissue interfacing are discussed, including molecular functionalization, interface orientation control, and mechanical matching. The review also covers developments in OECT‐based systems for skin‐mounted and implantable applications, with a focus on maintaining stability and responsiveness under dynamic physiological conditions. Particular attention is given to approaches that improve biocompatibility, reduce foreign body response, and enable minimally invasive operation in vivo. Finally, the article outlines key remaining challenges and suggests future directions to explore in this area.

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  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    2
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Top 10%
Average
Average
Green
gold