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Laiklik ilkesi bağlamında Türkiye`de zorunlu din dersi ve muafiyet sistemi

Compulsory religious courses and exemptions context of secularism in Turkey
Authors: Demir, Özge;

Laiklik ilkesi bağlamında Türkiye`de zorunlu din dersi ve muafiyet sistemi

Abstract

With the 24th article of the Constitution of 1982, compulsory religious culture and ethics courses have begun to be taught in primary, secondary and high schools. However, religious culture and ethics education, since the foundation of the Republic of Turkey, is one of the most important discussion topics in context of the principle of secularism. This dissertiation examines how the issue should be approached in accordance with the secularism principle, the history of the compulsory of religious culture and ethics education, ways to exempt from it and and in the last part, the decisions on exemption from compulsory religious educationWhen we look at the the structure and curriculum of the religious course, we see that the view of religious course changed according to the political and economic conditions of the country in 1924, 1946, 1950, 1974, 1982, 2005, 2012 and 2017. As of today, when the text books of compulsory religious culture and ethics courses in curriculum are examined, it is observed that it does not cover all religions but only the Fundamentals of suni Islam.On the other hand, exemption from compulsory religious culture and ethics education has many problems.Jewish and Christian children have been exempted from compulsory religious culture and ethics courses. However, the children of Alevi, Atheist or or those families with other beliefs and philosophical views can not be exempted from compulsory religious culture and ethics education. The National Court and the European Court of Human Rights states that the in this case, compulsory religious education which violates human rights must be either abolished from the curriculum or children must be exempted from compulsory religious culture and ethics education without the need to document the religions of their families.

1982 tarihli Anayasa'nın 24. maddesi ile birlikte, ilk ve orta öğretim kurumlarında din kültürü ve ahlak bilgisi dersi zorunlu olarak öğretilmeye başlandı. Ancak din kültürü ve ahlak bilgisi dersi, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti kurulduğundan beri, laiklik ilkesi bağlamında en önemli tartışma başlıklarından birini oluşturmaktadır. Okuyacağınız tez zorunlu din dersine laiklik ilkesi uyarınca nasıl yaklaşılması gerektiğini, zorunlu din dersinin tarihçesini, bugününü ve bu dersten nasıl muafiyet sağlanacağını, son bölümde ise zorunlu din dersinden muafiyet kararları ele almaktadır.Din dersinin yapısının ve müfredatının 1924, 1946, 1950, 1974, 1982, 2005, 2012 ve 2017 tarihlerinde ülkenin siyasal ve ekonomik koşullarına göre, değiştiğini görüyoruz. Bugün itibariyle, zorunlu din dersi müfredatı ve kitapları incelendiğinde ise, tüm dinlerin değil sadece Sünni İslam dinini içerdiği tespit edilmektedir. Diğer yandan, zorunlu din dersinden muafiyet sistemi ise pek çok sorunu barındırmaktadır. Musevi ve Hristiyan velilerin inançlarını belgelendirmeleri kaydıyla çocuklarının dersten muaf tutulması söz konusu iken, Alevi, Ateist veya başkaca inanç ve felsefi görüşlere sahip ailelerin çocuklarının söz konusu dersten muaf tutulamadığına şahit oluyoruz.Ulusal mahkeme ve Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi kararları göstermektedir ki, bu koşullar altında insan haklarını ihlal eden zorunlu din dersinin ya bütünüyle müfredattan kaldırılması ya da velilerin dinlerini belgelendirmesine gerek duyulmaksızın, sadece talepleri doğrultusunda zorunlu din dersinden küçüğün muaf tutulması gerekmektedir.

151

Country
Turkey
Related Organizations
Keywords

Hukuk, Turkish Law, Religious culture and moral knowledge lesson, Constitution, Laicism, Exemtion, International Law, Compulsory course, Law, Religious education

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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