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Вплив органічних добрив на родючість сірого лісового ґрунту

Вплив органічних добрив на родючість сірого лісового ґрунту

Abstract

The results of researches of organic fertilizers (cattle manure, crop by-products) effect on the agrochemical indicators of grey forest soil have been gained. It was established that in the course of conducting a field experiment, a tendency towards stabilization of the soil solution in the arable soil layer to the level of 5.2, which corresponds to the gradation “weakly acid reaction of the soil solution”, was observed. Hydrolytic acidity for the application of organic fertilizers was at 1.80 mg-ek / 100 g soil. It was affirmed that applying of 30 and 60 tons of manure during the crop rotation cycle on the background of crop by-products resulted in the intensive accumulation of humus in the arable and subsurface layers of the soil 0–40 cm — up to 69.8 and 71.6 t / ha comparing to the control amount of — 48 7 t / ha, while the enrichment of humus with nitrogen stayed at the level of 12.3. Analysis of the humus distribution in the soil profile reveals descending pattern in the lower layers. The implantation of organic fertilizers facilitates the improvement of the nutrient mode of the grey forest soil and growth the amount of hydrolyzed nitrogen up to 15–22%, mobile phosphorus — to 30–57%, exchangeable potassium — to 21–51% comparing to the control (relatively 44.1; 150; 90.8 mg /kg), with no significant migration processes occured. The analysis of the research results shows that the content of hydrolysed nitrogen, both in the control and in the considered fertilizer variants at the end of the rotation, corresponded to an equally low level of supply, while the content of mobile phosphorus was high, with an increase of 34% after the effects of manure and direct action of the straw of the predecessor. A systematic introduction of the by-products of cultivated crops revealed a clear tendency to slightly increase (by 30–40 mg / kg of soil) the content of potassium, which compensates for its constant deficiency in the soil — on average, in the experiment its content varied within the range of 110–130 mg/kg .

Изложены результаты исследований влияния органических удобрений (навоз крупного рогатого скота, побочная продукция растениеводства) на агрохимические показатели серой лесной почвы. Установлено, что применение 30 и 60 т навоза в севообороте и побочной продукции растениеводства способствовало интенсивному накоплению гумуса в пахотном и подпахотном 0—40 см слоях почвы (до 69,8—71,6 т/га по сравнению с контролем — 48,7 т/га), при этом имело место обогащение гумуса азотом. Анализ распределения гумуса в почвенном профиле свидетельствует о нисходящей динамике в низших слоях. Применение органических удобрений способствовало улучшению питательного режима серой лесной почвы — произошел рост содержания гидролизованного азота на 15—22%, подвижных соединений фосфора — на 30—57 и калия — на 21—51% по сравнению с контролем; при этом значительных миграционных процессов не отмечено.

Викладено результати досліджень впливу органічних добрив (гній великої рогатої худоби (ВРХ), побічна продукція рослинництва) на агрохімічні показники сірого лісового ґрунту. Встановлено, що застосування 30 і 60 т гною у сівозміні і побічної продукції рослинництва сприяло найінтенсивнішому накопиченню запасів гумусу в орному і підорному шарах ґрунту 0–40 см шарі (до 69,8–71,6 т/га порівняно з контролем — 48,7 т/га), до того ж спостерігалося збагачення гумусу азотом. Аналіз розподілу гумусу в ґрунтовому профілі свідчить про негативну динаміку у нижчих шарах. Застосування органічних добрив сприяло покращенню поживного режиму сірого лісового ґрунту — відбулось зростання вмісту гідролізованого азоту на 15–22%, рухомих сполук фосфору — на 30–57 та калію — на 21–51% порівняно з контролем; значних міграційних процесів не спостерігалося.

Keywords

humus; nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; soil fertility; organic fertilizer system, 631.452:631.86, гумус; азот; фосфор; калій; родючість ґрунту; органічна система удобрення, гумус; азот; фосфор; калий; плодородие почвы; органическая система удобрения

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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