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О многоэтапных моделях оптимизации структуры посевов

О многоэтапных моделях оптимизации структуры посевов

Abstract

Since many enterprises face the problem of choosing optimal options for usage of land, labor, material and financial resources, machinery, fertilizers, etc., the tasks of mathematical programming become more and more relevant for planning the agricultural production. In this regard, the article considers the multi-stage task of crops optimization with deterministic and uncertain parameters considering the influence of predecessors. Different approaches to its solution are presented. The solution of the task that implies going through a number of stages enables to plan the production of food products for a long-term perspective with a minimum duration of 1 year. The optimization model devised for allocation of crops is offered in three versions: with deterministic, interval and probabilistic parameters. A simplified version of the model with a limited number of variables was implemented for optimization of the crops structure at one of the enterprises of Irkutsk Oblast. The considerable divergence of the crops structure depending on the fluctuations of the parameters of the model is shown.

Большое значение при планировании аграрного производства имеют задачи математического программирования, так как многие предприятия сталкиваются с проблемой выбора оптимальных вариантов использования земли, трудовых и материально-денежных ресурсов, техники, удобрений и т. д. В статье сформулирована многоэтапная задача оптимизации размещения посевов сельскохозяйственных культур с детерминированными и неопределенными параметрами, учитывающая влияние предшественников. Предложены различные подходы к ее решению. Многоэтапность задачи позволяет планировать производство продовольственной продукции на многолетний период с минимальным значением 1 год. Модель оптимизации размещения посевов сельскохозяйственных культур предлагается в трех вариантах: с детерминированными, интервальными и вероятностными параметрами. Упрощенный вариант модели с ограниченным количеством переменных реализован для оптимизации структуры посевов сельскохозяйственных культур на одном из предприятий Иркутского района. Показано значительное расхождение структуры посевов в зависимости от колебаний параметров модели.

Keywords

МНОГОЭТАПНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ, НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННЫЕ ПАРАМЕТРЫ, СТРУКТУРА ПОСЕВОВ, ПРЕДШЕСТВЕННИКИ, ЭКСПЕРТНЫЕ ОЦЕНКИ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
bronze
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