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Кроты и защита от них

Кроты и защита от них

Abstract

Наибольшее хозяйственное значение из 6 обитающих на территории России видов кротов имеет крот обыкновенный (Talpa europaea L., 1758). Прекращение с 1980-х годов пушного промысла зверька, а также мягкие зимы и другие факторы улучшения условий для размножения, питания и расселения вида, привели к значительному росту численности крота в России и серьезным повреждениям культурного и сельскохозяйственного ландшафта. Проявления вредоносности крота связаны не только с его численностью, но и с погодными условиями, с рыхлостью и влажностью грунта, с обилием в почве червей и личинок насекомых. Сравнение методов отпугивания кротов запахами, звуками, устранения токсичными приманками, газацией нор и механическими методами, показывает, что наиболее доступно и эффективно применение механических заграждений и отловов. Наиболее уловиста «чешская» кротоловка, позволяющая контролировать движение крота с любой стороны норы. Даже в условиях притока кротов-мигрантов, устранение взрослого поголовья в ранневесенний период позволяет полностью защитить свой участок на срок от 2 месяцев.

Common mole (Talpa europaea L., 1758) is the most economically important among 6 mole species known in Russia. Termination from 1980-s of trapping moles for fur, mild winters and other factors that improved breeding, foraging and dispersal conditions for species led to significant increase of their abundance in Russia and to serious damage to agricultural and cultural landscape. Harmfulness of moles is associated not only with species abundance, but with weather conditions, soil looseness and moisture, density of worms and larvae. Comparison of mole control methods including repelling moles with odors and sounds, removing with toxic baits, barrows gasation and mechanical methods, proves that the most susceptible and effective, is fencing and trapping. The most catchable is «Czech» traps, controlling mole movement from any direction of the barrow. Even in area where mole migration is possible, removing of adults in early spring, gives full protection of territory at least for 2 months.

Keywords

КРОТ ОБЫКНОВЕННЫЙ, ВРЕДОНОСНОСТЬ, КУЛЬТУРНЫЙ ЛАНДШАФТ, СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫЙ ЛАНДШАФТ, ЗАЩИТА ОТ КРОТОВ, МЕТОДЫ ОТЛОВА, КРОТОЛОВКА

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
bronze