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Физиологическое состояние коров в зависимости от микроклимата помещений

Физиологическое состояние коров в зависимости от микроклимата помещений

Abstract

The main indexes of microclimate on the average during research depending on zone and point of animal placement in house were studied in the cowshed for milch herd with tie stalls. Certain differences in indexes of microclimate in different points of cowshed are marked. There are deviations from optimal temperature indexes at the point 7 (in winter 6.3 °C), air movement speed (0.77m/s), relative humidity (in winter 86.3%, in autumn 91.1%) and illumination. Estimation of microclimate formation in the studied house depending on outdoor air temperature was carried out. It is noted that on the average temperature fluctuations in the building are not sharp. In the analysis of every point deviation from average in the building it was found out that the points 1, 2, and 3 keep heat best of all, and the points 6 and 7 keep heat worse. It was determined that physiological state of cows depends on the zone and point of placement. Increased breathing rate and pulse was observed in the points of building with nonoptimal microclimate indexes. Excess of physiological norms on the content of albumin and crude protein was found out. At a low temperature and high humidity the content of hemoglobin and erythrocytes in cow blood decrease. The main parameters of microclimate vary during the year depending on zone and points of stock building. Such parameters of microclimate as relative humidity, air movement speed and illumination have the greatest effect on the physiological state of cows.

В коровнике с привязным содержанием для дойного стада изучены основные показатели микроклимата в среднем за период исследования в зависимости от зоны и точки размещения животных в помещении. Точки 1,2 и 3 располагались в центральной части помещения, 4 и 5 в его северной зоне, точки 6 и 7 в южной. Выявлены отклонения от оптимальных показателей температуры в точке 7 (в зимний период 6,3 °С), скорости движения воздуха (0,77 м/с), относительной влажности (зимой 86,3 %, осенью 91,1 %) и освещенности. Проведена оценка формирования микроклимата в изучаемом помещении в зависимости от температуры наружного воздуха. В среднем по корпусу ее колебания незначительны. При анализе отклонений в каждой точке от средней по корпусу установлено, что лучше всего сохраняется тепло в точках 1, 2 и 3, хуже в точках 6 и 7. В точках корпуса с неоптимальными показателями микроклимата у коров наблюдалась повышенная частота дыхания и пульса, превышение физиологических норм по содержанию альбумина и общего белка. При низкой температуре и высокой влажности в крови животных снижалось содержание гемоглобина и эритроцитов. Основные параметры микроклимата варьируют в течение года в зависимости от зон и точек животноводческих помещений. Наибольшее влияние на физиологическое состояние коров оказывают относительная влажность, скорость движения воздуха и освещенность помещения.

Keywords

КОРОВЫ, МИКРОКЛИМАТ, ТЕМПЕРАТУРА ВОЗДУХА, ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ, ГЕМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ КРОВИ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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